RESUMEN Algunos microorganismos son responsables del deterioro de los alimentos y de las infecciones alimentarias en el mundo. Estos microorganismos se están volviendo cada vez más resistentes a la degradación o inhibición debido a la exposición de antibióticos, antifúngicos y antiparasitarios, lo que supone una amenaza creciente para la salud de las personas. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las propiedades antimicrobianas de los compuestos presentes en Myrciaria dubia (pulpa, semilla, cáscara y hoja) contra bacterias (Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella y otros), levaduras (Candida albicans y Saccharomyces cerevisiae) y protozoos parásitos (Leishmania amazonensis y Plasmodium falciparum). Se revisaron distintos trabajos publicados en las principales bases de datos (Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Wiley Online Library), así como en repositorios de universidades. Estos resultados fueron analizados y organizados de acuerdo a su actividad inhibitoria, capacidad atribuible a las acciones metabólicas de esta planta, basados principalmente en sus compuestos fenólicos presentes (rhodomyrtone, isomyrtucommulone B, myrciarone B, trans-resveratrol, ácido 2,4-dihidroxibenzoico, myricetin , syringic, ácido elágico y casuarictin), los que pueden inhibir la síntesis o desestabilizar la membrana microbiana, ácidos nucleicos, paredes celulares en bacterias y disfunción mitocondrial en protozoos.

ABSTRACT Some microorganisms are responsible for food spoilage and foodborne infections worldwide. These microorganisms are becoming increasingly resistant to degradation or inhibition due to exposure to antibiotics, antifungal, and antiparasitics, posing a growing threat to human health. The aim of this study was to describe the antimicrobial properties of compounds present in Myrciaria dubia (pulp, seed, peel, and leaves) against bacteria (Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella and others), yeasts (Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and parasitic protozoa (Leishmania amazonensis and Plasmodium falciparum). Different papers published in the main databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, as well as in university repositories) were reviewed. These results were analyzed and organized according to their inhibitory activity, attributable metabolic actions of this plant, mainly based on its phenolic compounds present (rhodomyrtone, isomyrtucommulone B, myrciarone B, trans-resveratrol, 2.4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, myricetin, syringic, ellagic acid and casuarictin), which can inhibit the synthesis or destabilize the microbial membrane, nucleic acids, cell walls in bacteria and mitochondrial dysfunction in protozoa.

Introduction Local recurrence of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) after radical nephrectomy is a rare event. Some known risk factors are: clinical/pathological stage, locorregional disease and lyimph node positivity. Since up to 30-40% of patients can achieve a disease-free status, we show a case (video) in which we performed a laparoscopic excision of a local RCC, taking advantage of all the well-known benefits of laparoscopy.Case report A 56 years old female with a history of open radical nephrectomy two years before was diagnosed with a mass at the time of surveillance CT imaging during follow-up. The suspected local recurrence was 12cm, and vascularized predominantly by tributaries originating from the iliac vessels. There was no other site of disease (i.e. brain, lung, liver, bones) and laboratory tests were normal. Laparoscopic approach was approached, by inserting 4 trocars (2 of 10 and 2 of 5mm) with the patient in the lateral position.Result The procedure lasted 130 minutes, with 220mL of estimated bleeding; the larger vessels were ligated with polymer clips (Hem-o-lok) and the smaller handled by ultrasonic clamp. The specimen was removed by a small incision below the umbilicus in an appropriate bag. The patient was feed in the first postoperative day and discharged on the third day. Histopathology revealed sarcoma, with a high degree of mitosis, and negative surgical margins. She was referred to medical oncology for adjuvant therapy consideration.Conclusion The laparoscopic resection of recurrent tumor should be encouraged in highly selected cases. The minimally invasive method, with its known advantages, especially for more debilitated patients, can be advantageous when applied to suitable cases.

Objective About 10% of renal pelvis are bifids and not so there is a larger index of kidney disease over the normal pelves. The laparoscopy and minimally invasive techniques treat the ureteropelvic junction disease in a low agressive manner. We showed a video of an atypical pyeloplasty of ureteropelvic junction obstruction of a lower unit. The patient is a 33 year-old woman with an intermitent lumbar pain for 3 years. Your image exams showed a bifid left pelvis with a stenosis of the lower unit. We chose to do the fix of this pathology laparoscopically. Materials and Methods We positioned the patient in a right lateral decubitus and 3 trocars was placed, we identify the obstructed junction and a terminolateral anastomosis was performed. Results: The procedure lasted 95 minutes, with little blood loss and the patient was discharged in 2 days. We withdraw the double J catheter after 1 month, a pyelography and a ureteroscopy was performed which showed a pervious anastomosis. After 2 months of follow-up the patient is doing well. Conclusions As far as we know, this is the first case of literature with correction by laparoscopy. The stenosis of ureteropelvic junction in the lower unit of a bifid pelvis can be corrected effectively by laparoscopic surgery.

OBJETIVO: Correlacionar a avaliação clínico-laboratorial inicial simplificada com a gravidade da pancreatite aguda e a presença de necrose. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos pacientes com diagnóstico final de PA internados no Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho - UFRJ entre janeiro de 1990 e agosto de 2002. Foi considerado apenas o primeiro episódio de cada paciente. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística. Foram estudados 164 pacientes onde a idade média foi de 43,7 anos. RESULTADOS: A etiologia biliar foi a mais freqüente com 43,9% dos casos. A incidência de necrose foi de 21,3% e a mortalidade global de 23,2%. Observamos que a ausência de taquicardia na admissão estava associada à forma branda da doença, e que os níveis plasmáticos de uréia e creatinina elevados na admissão estão associados à forma grave da doença, e a hiperglicemia (121mg/dl) à necrose pancreática. CONCLUSÕES: A avaliação inicial simplificada ainda tem espaço, embora que limitado, no acompanhamento do paciente com PA.

BACKGROUND: Our goal was to study if early and simplified clinical and laboratorial evaluation are associated to severity and necrosis in acute panceatitis (AP). METHODS: One hundred and sixty four patients, hospitalized at the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital between January 1990 and August 2002 with a AP final diagnosis, were included in this study. The study was retrospective and included only the first episode of each patient. From the charts we obtained clinical, laboratorial, imaging exams, operations and death data. From these data we established the severity of each case. Statistical analysis used the Variance Analysis test of Kruskal-Wallis, completed by the Multiple Comparisons test if the diference was significant. Statistic significance was defined as p< 0,05. RESULTS: Biliar etiology was the most common: 43,9% of cases, necrosis incidence was 21,3% and overall mortality was 23,2%. We observed that normal cardiac frequency at admission was associated to mild AP, as high urea and creatinine plasmatic levels at admission to severe AP, and hyperglycemia (121 mg/dl) to pancreatic necrosis. CONCLUSION: We concluded that early and simplified clinical and laboratorial evaluation at admission had a limited but clear role in AP prognosis.

INTRODUCTION: Renal hemangioma is a relatively rare benign tumor, seldom diagnosed as a cause of hematuria. CASE REPORT: A female 40-year old patient presented with continuous gross hematuria, anemia and episodic right lumbar pain, with onset about 3 months previously. The patient underwent multiple blood transfusions during her hospital stay and extensive imaging propedeutics was performed. Semi-rigid ureterorenoscopy evidenced a bleeding focus in the upper calix of the right kidney, with endoscopic treatment being unfeasible. The patient underwent right upper pole nephrectomy and presented a favorable outcome. Histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen showed that it was a renal hemangioma. COMMENTS: Imaging methods usually employed for diagnostic investigation of hematuria do not have good sensitivity for renal hemangioma. However, they are important to exclude the most frequent differential diagnoses. The ureterorenoscopy is the diagnostic method of choice and endoscopic treatment can be feasible when the lesion is accessible and electrocautery or laser are available. We emphasize the open surgical treatment as a therapeutic option upon failure of less invasive methods.